Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example

Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay Essay For this assignment I will explicate personal values, biass, ethical quandary and the impact they have had on societal work pattern by reflecting on one of my beliefs and how I had to dispute myself to get the better of it. Using Marxists and Feminists positions of subjugation I aim to place, recognize, regard and value diverse persons for which I will give an illustration of which happened to me and how I had to dispute favoritism towards others. I will besides discourse theoretical models to undertaking subjugation and favoritism by utilizing the PCS theoretical account and how people can go empowered through groups, protagonism or statute law. Personal values, Biass, Ethical Dilemmas, Conflict of Interest and their impact on Social Work Practice We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Dilemmas On Social Work Practice Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A value is something that concerns person or a belief they hold, this determines how a individual behaves, values do non find if something is said whether it is right or incorrect in today s society. However, a individual s belief s can impact how they behave towards others. Prejudice is a term which has instead negative intensions and is usually taken to intend a hostile attitude towards a individual or group ( Billingham et al. 2008. Pg. 196 ) One of my values and a bias of mine is that any occupation I am employed in will finally travel to people working in a foreign state, particularly India. This all stems from when I worked for a 3rd party recognition card processor, after giving them nine old ages of service I was traveling to be made redundant and my occupation would be actioned from people in India. For the following two months I would hold to develop people from there all the applications I was presently or had worked on. This gave me a quandary do state them all the information I knew or merely some of it? I had to be professional, so I gave them as much information on the applications for which I knew about, I even created user ushers to assistance with the preparation and they could utilize when I had left the company. When speaking to the people I found that we had things in common with each other and they were saddened that a individual would lose their occupation. It was nt their mistake I was being made redundant but the companies in which we worked for. I had successfully challenged the new belief that had risen from a sad state of affairs. Valuess are merely every bit good as the actions they prompt ( Preston-Shoot, 1996. Pg 31 ) When working with people from other states I will necessitate to set my ain values and biass aside, as everyone deserves aid and advice in their lives no affair where they come from in the universe. If I fail to set my values and biass aside whilst working with them it will impact the aid they will have from me, I need to be unfastened minded to all civilizations. Thompson ( 2005 ) explains that there is a demand for genuineness ( congruity ) to be achieved in societal work, that a positive working relationship between service user and societal worker is needed based on trust and regard for each other to develop. Identify, Recognise, Respect and Value Diverse Persons Thompson ( 2006 ) describes favoritism as to place a difference and is non needfully a negative term . But when used in footings of legal, moral or in a political sense it is referred to as being unjust e.g. being below the belt treated for your gender or cultural beginning. If this occurs it can take to a individual being oppressed. When looking at subjugation from a Marxists position DAmato claims that people are oppressed because of the category in which they live in, that adult females, homophiles or people of colored tegument are low-level to the Bourgeoisie and Capitalism is needed in society as it shapes and depends on subjugation for its endurance. Marxists argue that if racism, sexism or homophobia was to be embraced it will intend that a capitalist authorities would necessitate to be overthrown and that subjugation is indispensable to the battle of socialism. From a Extremist Feminists view Zeiber ( 2008 ) argues that adult females are oppressed within the patriarchal system, that matrimony and the household are a consequence of capitalist economy. Holmstrom ( 2003 ) speaks about Socialist Feminism, holding that adult females are oppressed by the laterality of work forces and of the economic inequality because of the places of power males have within society. I work on a farm where we frequently have Polish every bit good as British people working at that place. One twelvemonth a co-worker was doing barbarous gags towards the Polish people, as others were doing merriment at their civilization, and their Catholic beliefs were incorrect. I could see that something was incorrect, so I spoke to them ; they told me they felt they were being discriminated against and started to experience really oppressed because they were non British. Then I spoke to my director about the state of affairs which was go oning and he left me to cover with. I had to believe about how I was traveling to near it so both parties would be happy with the result. So I asked the culprit to come outdoors and speak with me. I told him that the Polish people were unhappy the manner in which he was handling them. He was shocked as he thought they were all holding a laugh with each other. It was difficult for me to face the culprit as it was my male parent, a adult male I looked up to. Reflecting on what had happened I knew I had said the right things to my male parent as they continued to work with each in harmoniousness, non desiring to pique each other, enabling a good working environment for all. Discrimination can be found in establishments like the church, prison or by a individual in a place of power. It can be covertly actioned by utilizing camouflages like the Klu Klux Klan in USA wear masks hiding their individuality or overtly actioned like apartheid in South Africa or the BNP in Britain. Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Discrimination and Oppression Thompson ( 1997 ) shows how subjugation can be analysed utilizing the PCS theoretical account and there are three degrees: Personal ( P ) an person s positions e.g. bias against a group of people. Cultural ( C ) shared values between others, what is incorrect or right, this in bend signifiers a consensus. Structural ( S ) how subjugation of society is formed through establishment who support cultural norms A ; personal beliefs e.g. faith, media or authorities. Here is an illustration of the PCS theoretical account in action: Phosphorus: Young adult male in the nine you work at makes violative and derogative remarks about a cheery adult male who attends besides. He says that gay people are non natural or normal . Degree centigrades: Gay people mostly repulse the community around him, and many of the community members are involved with the local church, keeping steadfast positions about sexual ethical motives . Second: Popular tabloid media berates the abnormal activities of homosexual people. Religious leaders of all religions back up the instatement of Torahs to halt equal rights for cheery people. Legislation is passed by parliament that compromises the rights of homosexual, sapphic and bisexual people. There is an overpowering consensus of power used in all signifiers of structural life. ( Wood, J. 2001 ) By utilizing the PCS theoretical account it can assist a individual build an thought as to why others act the manner they do e.g. the stereotype of a adolescent have oning a goon, you believe they are problem shapers because of what the media have reported, but non every adolescent is out for problem. Another theoretical model to undertaking subjugation and favoritism is through authorization. By authorising person means to enable a individual to derive control over and taking duty for ain their actions. The Humanist attack by Carl Rogers ( 1959 ) encourages people to go sceptered. As student societal workers we are taught about authorising the service user, to concentrate on their strengths and to work together as peers, we besides need to safeguard vulnerable people, to take into history a individual s economic, political and cultural background at the same clip. Groups besides work to authorise people as they offer support and if they act as one they can go powerful. An illustration of this is from the Times Online dated June 13th 2007 How football made us ( see attachment 1 ) , by organizing a football squad for mentally sick patients they each became sceptered able to make things on their ain without holding aid from others. Make usage of Schemes to Challenge Discrimination, Inequality and Injustice There are schemes in topographic point to assist educate people about inequality, favoritism and unfairness such as protagonism and statute law. As societal workers we need to back up and talk up for persons that face being oppressed or discriminated against. By utilizing protagonism to stand for those who are unable to talk up for themselves. E.g. have larning or communicating troubles. Walker ( 2008 ) advises that protagonism has it strengths but besides has its failings. Strength from utilizing protagonism are: Peoples who have been socially excluded from mainstream society addition a voice, when a service user has a societal worker who listens can be given assurance to talk for themselves, therefore turning in ego assurance and societal workers can larn and understand more on how it feels to be disempowered when listening to a service user. But the failings are: there is a danger that the societal worker can set their ain positions frontward and non those positions of the service user, the advocator can take over, therefore the service user can go disempowered and the societal worker may happen that by utilizing protagonism it can set them in struggle with the administration in which the work for, their truenesss can go split. The statute law in topographic point is to assist and protect people against inequality and favoritism, for illustration: Equal Pay Acts 1970 A ; 1983 prohibits favoritism on the evidences of sex associating to pay and footings of contract. Race Relations Act 1976 prohibits favoritism on the footing of race, coloring material, nationality or cultural beginning. Subsequently amended in 2000 to include a responsibility on public governments in transporting out their responsibilities to hold due respect to extinguish improper favoritism and to advance equality. ( Brayne et al, 2010. Pg. 89-90 ) The British Association of Social Work ( BASW ) has a codification of moralss associating to how societal workers must go more cultural cognizant. Paragraph 4.1.6 ( pg. 49 ) provinces that as a societal worker you will: Recognise diverseness among civilizations and so recognize what the impact of their ain cultural A ; cultural individuality can hold on others. Gain working cognition and apprehension of service users cultural and cultural associations and the values, beliefs and imposts associated with them, even though the service users may be different. Communicate efficaciously in a linguistic communication in which both parties will understand, if demands be so by utilizing an independent translator. By utilizing the tools I have learnt through the class I will be able to dispute favoritism, inequality and subjugation, I will be more unfastened minded to people that need help from societal services and no affair what their cultural background is I will be able to utilize this cognition successfully. Wordss used 1622

The Ancient History of Making Olive Oil

The Ancient History of Making Olive Oil Olive oil is, essentially, a fruit juice made from olives. Olives were likely first domesticated in the Mediterranean basin some 6,000 years ago or so. It is thought that oil from the olive was one of several attributes that likely made the bitter fruit attractive enough to result in its domestication. However, the production of olive oil, that is to say, the deliberate pressing of oil out of olives  is currently documented no earlier than ~2500 BCE. Olive oil is a fruit juice made from olives.  First used as lamp fuel and in religious ceremonies in the Mediterranean about 2500 BCE.  First used in cooking at least as long ago as 5th-4th century BCE.  Three grades of olive oil are manufactured: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), ordinary virgin olive oil, and pomace-olive oil (OPO). EVOO is the highest quality and the one most often fraudulently labeled.   Olive oil was used anciently for a  variety of purposes, including lamp fuel, pharmaceutical ointment, and in rituals for anointing royalty, warriors, and other important people. The term messiah, used in many Mediterranean-based religions, means the anointed one, perhaps (but of course, not necessarily) referring to an olive oil-based ritual. Cooking with olive oil may not have been a purpose for the original domesticators, but that began at least as long ago as the 5th–4th century BCE. Making Olive Oil Making olive oil involved (and still does) several stages of crushing and rinsing to extract the oil. The olives were harvested by hand or by beating the fruit off the trees. The olives were then washed and crushed to remove the pits. The remaining pulp was placed into woven bags or baskets, and the baskets themselves were then pressed. Hot water was poured over the pressed bags to wash out any remaining oil, and the dregs of the pulp was washed away. The liquid from the pressed bags was drawn into a reservoir where the oil was left to settle and separate. Then the oil was drawn off, by skimming the oil off by hand or with the use of a ladle; by opening a stoppered hole at the bottom of the reservoir tank; or by allowing the water to drain off from a channel at the top of the reservoir. In cold weather, a bit of salt was added to speed the separation process. After the oil was separated, the oil was again allowed to settle in vats made for that purpose, and then separated again. Olive Press Machinery Roman olive presses in the city of Sufetula, Tunisia. CM Dixon/Print Collector/Getty Images Artifacts found at archaeological sites associated with making oil include milling stones, decantation basins and storage vessels such as mass-produced amphorae with olive plant residues. Historical documentation in the form of frescoes and ancient papyri have also been found at sites throughout the Mediterranean Bronze Age, and production techniques and uses of olive oil are recorded in the classical manuscripts of Pliny the Elder and Vitruvius. Several olive press machines were devised by the Mediterranean Romans and Greeks to mechanize the pressing process, and are called variously trapetum, mola molearia, canallis et solea, torcular, prelum, and tudicula. These machines were all similar and used levers and counterweights to increase the pressure on the baskets, to extract as much oil as possible. Traditional presses can generate about 50 gallons (200 liters) of oil and 120 gal (450 li) of amurca from one ton of olives. Amurca: Olive Oil Byproducts The leftover water from the milling process is called amurca in Latin and amorge in Greek, and it is a watery, bitter-tasting, smelly, liquid residue. This liquid was collected from a central depression in the settling vats. Amurca, which had and has a bitter taste and an even worse smell, was discarded along with the dregs. Then and today, amurca is a serious pollutant, with a high mineral salt content, low pH and the presence of phenols. However, in the Roman period, it was said to have had several uses. When spread on surfaces, amurca forms a hard finish; when boiled it can be used to grease axles, belts, shoes, and hides. It is edible by animals and was used to treat malnutrition in livestock. It was prescribed to treat wounds, ulcers, dropsy, erysipelas, gout, and chilblains. According to some ancient texts, amurca was used in moderate amounts as a fertilizer or pesticide, repressing insects, weeds, and even voles. Amurca was also used to make plaster, particularly applied to the floors of granaries, where it hardened and kept out mud and the pest species. It was also used to seal olive jars, improve the burning of firewood and, added to laundry, could help protect clothing from moths. Industrialization The Romans are responsible for bringing about a significant increase in olive oil production beginning between 200 BCE and 200 CE. Olive oil production became semi-industrialized at sites such as Hendek Kale in Turkey, Byzacena in Tunisia and Tripolitania, in Libya, where 750 separate olive oil production sites have been identified. Estimates of oil production during the Roman era are that up to 30 million liters (8 million gallons) per year was produced in Tripolitania, and up to 10.5 million gal  (40 million li) in Byzacena. Plutarch reports that Caesar forced Tripolitanias inhabitants to pay a tribute of 250,000 gals (1 million li) in 46 BCE. Oileries are also reported from the first and second centuries AD in the Guadalquivir valley of Andalusia in Spain, where average annual yields were estimated at between 5 and 26 million gal (20 and 100 million li). Archaeological investigations at Monte Testaccio recovered evidence suggesting that Rome imported approximately 6.5 billion liters of olive oil over the period of 260 years. What Is EVOO? Olive oil production in 2018, in the Berber mountain village of Toujane, Tunisia. A blinded donkey is moving an edge mill to crush olives. Thierry Monasse/Getty Images There are three different grades of olive oil made and marketed, from the high-quality extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) to medium-quality ordinary virgin olive oil, to low-quality olive-pomace oil (OPO). EVOO is obtained by direct pressing or centrifugation of the olives. Its acidity can be no greater than 1 percent; if it is processed when the temperature of the olives is below 30 °C (86 °F) it is called cold-pressed.   Olive oils with between 1 and 3 percent acidity are known as ordinary virgin oils, but anything greater than 3 percent is refined, by accepted chemical solvents, and those oils can also be fairly marketed as ordinary.   Lower Quality Oils and Fraud Pomace is one of the main byproducts of the pressing process; it is a conglomeration of skin, pulp, pieces of kernels, and some oil left over when the first processing is completed, but the oil undergoes rapid deterioration due to the moisture content. Refined OPO is obtained by extracting the remaining oil using chemical solvents and a refining process, then it is improved with the addition of virgin oil to obtain OPO.   Many of the common manufacturers of olive oil practice the fraudulent mislabeling of olive oils. Since EVOO is the most expensive, it is the most often mislabeled. Mislabeling often concerns the geographic origin or oil variety of olive oil, but EVOO which has been adulterated by the addition of cheaper oils is not EVOO anymore, despite its being labeled as such. The most common adulterants in mislabeled virgin olive oils are refined olive oil, OPO, synthetic oil-glycerol products, seed oils (such as sunflower, soy, maize, and rapeseed), and nut oils (such as peanut or hazelnut). Scientists are working on methods of detection of the mislabeled olive oils, but such methods have not been made widely available.   Once someone tries a real extra virgin- an adult or a child, anybody with taste buds- theyll never go back to the fake kind. Its distinctive, complex, the freshest thing youve ever eaten. It makes you realize how rotten the other stuff is, literally rotten.  Tom Mueller Sources: Capurso, Antonio, Gaetano Crepaldi, and Cristiano Capurso. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO): History and Chemical Composition. Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet in the Elderly Patient. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 11–21. Print.Foley, Brendan P., et al. Aspects of Ancient Greek Trade Re-Evaluated with Amphora DNA Evidence. Journal of Archaeological Science 39.2 (2012): 389–98. Print.Guimet, Francesca, Joan Ferrà ©, and Ricard Boquà ©. Rapid Detection of Olive–Pomace Oil Adulteration in Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Protected Denomination of Origin â€Å"Siurana† Using Excitation–Emission Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Three-Way Methods of Analysis. Analytica Chimica Acta 544.1 (2005): 143–52. Print.Kapellakis, Iosif, Konstantinos Tsagarakis, and John Crowther. Olive Oil History, Production and by-Product Management. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology 7.1 (2008): 1–26. Print.Mueller, Tom. Extra Virgini ty: The Sublime and Scandalous World of Olive Oil. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. Print. Niaounakis, Michael. Olive-Mill Wastewater in Antiquity. Environmental Effects and Applications. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 30.4 (2011): 411–25. Print.Rojas-Sola, Josà © Ignacio, Miguel Castro-Garcà ­a, and Marà ­a del Pilar Carranza-Caà ±adas. Contribution of Historical Spanish Inventions to the Knowledge of Olive Oil Industrial Heritage. Journal of Cultural Heritage 13.3 (2012): 285–92. Print.Vossen, Paul. Olive Oil: History, Production, and Characteristics of the Worlds Classic Oils. Horticultural Science 42.5 (2007): 1093–100. Print.